Hello everyone, welcome back to a new video on profit and
loss.
In the last video, we learned the basic terms of profit and
loss, what is profit, what is loss, and what is gain
percentage or loss percentage.
We did formulas related to that.
We also did formulas to calculate SP, if cost price or gain
percentage, loss percentage is given, and vice versa, that
if we have to calculate cost price, and SP or gain percent,
loss percent is given,
I hope you will remember those formulas.
The next topic we are going to discuss is, if we are going
to do a case, if we have to sell a common item to a person,
the shopkeeper is getting gain from it, and if he is
selling it to another person, then he has to face a loss.
Let us suppose, a shopkeeper
is selling clothes, if ladies or female customers go to
him, then obviously, they get more bargains, rather than
the male customers, because they are not able to get so
many bargains.
So, if he has to face a loss in the case of women, because
they got more bargains, and they got influenced and gave
less, but if the same male customer goes to him, then he
does not get any bargains, he takes it as it is, which the
shopkeeper said.
So, what did he get in that?
He got gain.
So, it was the same thing, he was selling clothes, so he
sold one to male, and one to female customer, so on the
same item, the cost price of which is the same for both,
because they have bought the same thing from the same
place, so the cost price of
both will be same, but they had to face a loss in one, and
in one item, they had to face gain.
So, what is the formula in this?
In this, if we have to find out, that the shopkeeper got
total loss or total gain, the overall effect of this, that
total loss or total gain, after selling these items, what
will be the percentage gain or loss?
What will be that?
To find that out, we will do the formula.
So, that is the formula.
One minute, let me open the page.
So, if we have to find out that we are getting the gain of
the same item, and we are also facing loss, on the
individual two items,
then we have total gain or loss percent, whatever is
happening, what will that be?
If we have done it in gain or loss, then total gain or loss
percent will be, let us suppose, the gain we have is x
percent, and the loss is y percent.
So, we don't have to do anything.
We have to divide x into y by 100.
So, what will we get from this?
This is a multiply, not two x's.
One is x and one is y.
So, this will be x into y divided by 100.
And we will put a percentage sign in front of it, because
we are taking out gain percent and loss percent.
So, this will be xy divided by 100 percent.
Now, what will happen to this case?
When we are getting both gain and loss.
But, if we have a corollary of this, if we get both cases
of gain and loss, then we don't have to do anything.
The value of gain will be x, and the value of gain will be
y.
So, whatever we are getting, we have to multiply and divide
it by 100.
Nothing else.
So, our total gain or total loss percentage will be in this
case.
Let us see a question related to this.
See the question.
Read it.
You just have to put a formula in it, and your answer will
be like this.
A man purchased an item for Rs. 5000.
On one, he gains 15 percent, while on the other, he loses
10 percent.
First, he gained, and if he sold the same thing to another
person, then he lost 10 percent.
Found how much he gained or lost in this deal.
We have to find out how much he lost in this deal.
So, if we see the gain, then it will be x, and if we see
the loss percentage, then it will be y.
So, what will be the total gain or total loss?
Total gain or loss percentage will be 15 into 10 divided by
100.
So, what will be this?
This will cancel, and this will be 1.5 percent.
So, what will be the total gain or loss?
This? Sorry.
Whatever gain or loss we get, what will be the total
percentage?
This will be 1.5 percent.
1.5 percent will be the total gain or loss.
So, this question is for someone.
We just have to find out the percentage.
If we apply this formula, then it will be 1.5 percent.
The next sub-case is a topic that is successive.
Successive means one after the other.
Successive profit or loss.
What is the meaning of successive profit or loss?
Successive means one after the other.
For example, you go to a mall or shop online.
So, what is given to you in that? 50 percent sale.
Is it given like this? 50 percent sale, 70 percent sale.
Is it given like this?
So, what does this mean?
Whatever is the cost price, whatever is the MRP, in that 50
percent is deducted.
So, whatever is left will be the actual price.
But, if it is also written that 50 percent plus 50 percent.
It is also written like this.
50 percent plus 50 percent.
Or 70 percent and 10 percent.
So, what does this mean?
This means that if you add 50 percent and 50 percent both
times, then 100 percent.
If you get 100 percent off, then you get it for free.
This never happens.
So, this does not mean that we add up the percent.
Although you see the sign of add in the middle.
Or it is written in many places.
But, this does not mean that you add both and then take off
or take discount.
So, what happens in this?
Suppose we have a MRP.
What will be the cost price of MRP?
Let us suppose Rs. 500.
If something is of Rs.
500, then 50 percent is deducted.
50 percent is deducted.
After 50 percent off, we get this thing at half price.
That is Rs. 250.
Now, it is written plus 50 percent.
Plus 50 percent which is written one more 50 percent later.
Whose 50 percent will that be?
That will not be 50 percent of Rs. 500.
That will be 50 percent of the new price which we got after
the discount and after the sale price.
So, now the off which we will get, just now we were getting
it for Rs.
Then, the one more off which we will get, that will be 50
percent of Rs.
So, what will be 50 percent of Rs.
That will be Rs. 125.
So, we will get one more off of Rs. 125.
That is, now if I deduct Rs.
125 from this, then how much remaining Rs.
will be?
Rs. 125.
So, this thing of Rs.
500, how much will we get at last?
Rs. 125.
This is the concept of successive profit or successive loss.
If this is not the case of loss or profit, then whose
example I gave you?
So, we have seen the examples of sale and discount options.
Similarly, we can follow the same criteria for profit.
Suppose, you have 50% profit, and it is given to you that
you sold the item to another person.
Suppose, I bought something from the market, I got some
profit, then I sold it to another person, and I got some
profit.
So, that is our successive profit.
So, in that also, we will take out from the same category.
First, we will take out one profit, then we will take the
second profit of the new amount.
So, what will happen in these cases?
For these cases, we will tell you the formula.
We are doing the case of successive profit.
A person sold something to B person, and he got 10% profit.
Then B sold the same thing to C person, and let us suppose,
he got a loss.
Now, we are doing the case of successive profit.
So, let us take out the profit.
He got a further 15% profit.
So, you tell me, what is the total profit in this case?
Total profit is a loss.
Now, this is the case of profit.
So, the resultant that we will get, will also be of profit.
So, what will be the total profit percentage?
You don't have to do anything.
This is the profit of one person, and this is the profit of
another person.
First, you have to add both of them.
For example, this is 10 and 15.
X will be in general case.
For example, this is 10 and 15.
So, you have to do 10 plus 15.
First, you have to add these two.
Since, these are both profits, so, you will get a plus sign
with both of them.
What will you get even if you multiply two plus things?
So, you will get a plus sign.
Now, you have to divide the product of both of them by 100.
So, we have to add both the profits first, and then we have
to divide their product by 100.
That's it.
You don't have to do anything else.
So, this is your successive.
Now, you are getting only two cases.
A gave to B and B gave to C.
This can continue further.
If C sells to D, let us suppose, he faces a loss.
At that time, there was a recession or there was a problem
in the market.
Now, its value has reduced.
So, he faced a loss.
What will you do in that case?
I will tell you that too.
First, you understand the profit.
Have you understood the profit?
In the profit, both the things will be added.
You will get the sign of add.
And if the multiplication of both the things is positive
and positive add, then the answer will also be in add.
So, the trick is that if you are giving some x profit from
A to B, then you are getting x percent profit.
And if you are getting y percent profit from B to C, then
what will be your total profit percent?
First, add both the things.
x plus y.
Then, multiply them.
Divide it by 100.
Add up all these three terms.
You will get the total profit percentage.
You can give this percentage.
This would be your total profit percent.
Now, in this case,
Now, B did not sell C for profit.
He faced a loss.
Now, he has to face a loss of 15 percent.
So, in the case of loss, whatever is the percentage of
loss, just put a minus sign in front of it.
Put a minus sign in front of it.
Now, if there is one plus and one minus,
If there is one profit and one loss, then what will be the
result of multiplying both the plus and minus?
Minus will be multiplied by a minus sign.
Nothing else.
So, what will be the total profit percent or loss percent?
When we have this case.
In case 1, write this.
In case 2,
In case 2, if there is a loss, then it will be minus.
Whatever is the profit or loss percentage, it will be x
minus y.
And instead of xy, here instead of plus, minus.
This is the only difference.
In the case of minus, just put a minus sign.
In the case of loss, just put a minus sign in front of the
loss.
And in the case of multiply, put a minus sign.
Now, what will be the result of this?
Now, it will be 10 minus 15.
And minus 10 into 15 by 100.
This would be your answer.
If it is negative, then obviously, it will be a loss
percentage.
I hope this will be clear to you.
So, let's do a related question.
Look at the question.
A shopkeeper gains 20% while buying the goods and 30% while
selling them.
A shopkeeper, he must have purchased something first.
Then he got 20% gain.
Now, he purchased this.
That's when he got the profit.
He took a profit.
Now, when he is selling it, he is getting 30% gain while
selling it.
So, find his total gain.
So, what will be your total gain? 20 plus 30.
First, add both of them up.
Then, put a plus sign.
Because both of them are profit.
Minus sign is not needed.
Then, his product divided by 100.
So, 50 plus 600.
Zero to zero cancel.
So, it becomes 56%.
What is his gain? 56% would be his gain.
Easy? Next topic.
Next, the same topic is going on.
A sold something to B.
There must be some profit or loss.
Let us suppose that the profit or loss is X%.
B sold to C.
He is getting some profit or loss.
That is Y%.
Now, what we have to find?
We have to find X.
The last person, C, the money he gave in the end, the money
given to him, let us suppose, let us suppose Rs.
Rs. C for C.
He paid Rs. X, Y, Z.
So, we have to find the cost price of A.
What is the cost price of A?
Cost price of A.
Shopkeeper A means, the cost of the same good.
How much did he buy?
A sold a good to B.
Then B sold it to C.
And the money given by C to buy, that is Rs.
So, how much did A buy?
We have to find that.
So, the cost price of A would be, what you have to do is,
the money given by C, that is Rs.
We have to multiply Rs. C here.
What do you have to do in X?
So, 100 divided by 100 upon X.
100 divided by 100.
Now, the plus or minus sign will decide, is it a profit or
is it a loss?
If it is a profit, then 100 plus X will come.
If it is a loss, let us suppose this is your loss, then
what will come in the next bracket? 100 divided by 100
minus Y.
So, this will be your cost price of A.
That is, the money given by A, the starting amount.
So, this is C into 100 upon 100 plus X.
If both of these were of profit, then here also plus Y
would have come.
If both of these were of loss, then here both the places
would have come. 100 minus x and 100 minus y.
Now this sequence can go to D or E.
So, ultimate term will go to either side.
Clear to all?
Now, if we know this.
I will tell you one more case.
If you know this,
In this case, you are given the money that C paid and you
have to subtract A.
But if we give the opposite case, second case, you are
given the money of A, means cost price of A is given, you
have to subtract the money that C paid.
So, same formula will work.
But here, this will be unknown to us.
Means, this will be the thing to find out.
And this will be the given thing.
So, you have to put the values as it is.
And the unknown thing has to be found out.
Nothing else.
Did you understand the difference in the question?
But the formula will be same.
In this case.
Let's do a question related to this.
Read the question.
A sold an article to B at a profit of 20%.
What is the value of X?
Then B sold it to C.
Same article at a loss of 25%.
And B sold the same item to D.
B sold the same item to D at a profit of 40%.
If D paid Rs. 252.
Then how much did A pay? A paid Rs. 252.
Then how much did A pay? How much did A pay?
A cost price.
Means, how much did he invest?
We have to find that out.
The formula is same.
The last person is given.
C was given.
Because C was the last person.
C was the last person.
C was given in the formula.
Who is the last person here?
Last person is D.
So, C is given.
We have to find out A.
What was the formula?
A is equal to cost price of D.
Into 100 divided by.
First, we take the first one.
If it is a profit, then 100 plus sign will come.
And profit is 20.
Then into 100 divided by.
Second case is of loss.
So, subtraction.
100 minus 25.
Then third case is of profit.
So, plus will come.
100 divided by 100 plus 40.
This would be your formula.
What is given to us?
Paid is given.
That is given to us.
252.
We have to find out this.
So, this would be 252.
Into 100 upon 120.
100 upon 75.
This would be 100 by 140.
Solve it.
0 to 0 cancel.
This would be 5 by 7.
0 to 0 cancel.
This would be 5 by 6.
5 by 6.
And then 5 or 75 cancel out.
1 and 1.
25 5s are.
1 and 3.
This is 6, 3 and 7.
This is cut.
2 plus 5 plus 2 is 9.
3 is 3.
8 is 24.
12 is 84.
7 is 7.
7 is 14.
2 is 6, 1 and 2.
What is left? 2 and 100. 200.
Cost price of A will be 100.
Rs. 100.
A must have paid Rs. 100.
In profit and loss,
D must have paid the same quantity of Rs. 252.
You can also ask the opposite.
If A has paid Rs.
200, then D must have paid Rs.
Cp of A must have been 200.
Then it would have been unknown.
We will find out the value of this.
I hope you have understood this concept.
All these cases.
We are making small series of profit and loss.
So that you can remember these formulas in different
subcategories. So revise this much.
Revise the first video also.
See you in the next video.
Till then take care.
Thank you for watching the video.