Hello everyone, welcome back to our new video on profit and
loss topic.
In this topic, what we did in last video, we did cases of
successive profit and related questions.
In previous video, we did introduction and formulas of loss
percentage, profit percentage, loss profit, CP, SP.
In today's video, we will do 3 cases and related questions.
First case, which is coming in sub category of topic first
case.
Suppose, a shopkeeper purchased some items.
Suppose, he purchased 10 items.
Means, he must have given some cost price of 10 items.
Then, he must have sold these 10 items.
So, there must be some selling price of each item.
But, let us suppose, he invested money in 5000.
He purchased 10 items.
But, when he sold these items, till the time he sold 5
items, he got only 5000.
He purchased 10 items.
But, he sold only 5 items.
So, his total investment was covered up.
Now, he purchased 10 items.
So, he must have sold 10 items.
But, when he sold 5 items, his total investment was covered
up.
So, when he will sell other 5 items, his money will go to
his pocket. He will get extra money.
Extra money means, he will get gain.
When he will get gain, he will get gain percentage.
So, in this case, you are given some cost price. Cost price
of some A number of articles, A number of items is equal to
selling price of B number of items.
This is your case.
This is your first case in today's class.
We will do 3 more cases.
First topic is, if your cost price is equal to selling
price of some articles, then we will see, there can be 2
cases in this.
The last case we saw, that was the case of profit.
But, same case can be of loss.
When will it be of loss?
When we purchased more items for cost price.
And, we got money by selling less items.
But, if we purchased 10 items for cost price,
But, we have to sell 15 items for cost price of 5000 rupees.
Means, we have to buy 15 items, 5 more items, then we will
get 5000 rupees.
So, in this case, when we were buying less items, but we
are getting money by selling more items.
So, this will be the case of loss.
Because, we have to buy more items, then we will have to
invest more.
So, this will be the case of loss.
So, this is your topic.
If, What is the sub-case of A?
If your A is bigger than B.
A will be a number, a fixed number.
Cost price of 100 items is equal to selling price of 50
items.
So, if A is bigger than B, then in this case, we will
always get profit.
In this case, we will always get profit.
And, in this case, what will be our profit or gain
percentage?
Profit or gain percentage will be,
What will be the upper part?
You will take the subtraction of both.
So, A will be minus B.
Because, A is bigger than B.
In divide,
You will divide this small value, B, into 100 percent.
The answer will be in percent.
If you do into 100, you will get profit percentage.
In this case, what will be your profit?
Next case, B is similar.
If B is greater than A.
The second example I gave you,
If the cost price of 10 items is equal to selling price of
15 items.
So, obviously, we have to buy more items to get the same
amount of investment.
So, this will be the case of loss.
So, what we will find in this?
We will find the loss percentage.
Because, loss is coming.
In loss, we cannot do A minus B.
Because, A is small.
So, big minus small.
That is B minus A.
Divide by,
We will divide by B.
In this case also, we will divide by B into 100 percent.
This will be the formula of loss percentage.
So, let's do a question related to this.
Write the question.
What can be the question?
Let, Let, Cost price of 10 mangoes is equal to selling
price of 8 mangoes.
Then, find the loss or profit percentage.
I have left this dash.
You first think, what should come here?
Loss or Profit?
Just by reading this first line.
See, So, if he bought 10 mangoes.
But, if he spent Rs.
So, he got the money by selling 8 mangoes.
So, what will happen to the extra money?
The extra money is not gained.
So, in this,
Whose case is this?
Profit percentage.
So, in this, we will ask you,
What is your profit percentage?
So, find out.
Cost price of 10 mangoes.
What was the value of cost price?
A And, whose selling price was given,
What was the number of items?
B Then, what will be its profit percentage?
Profit percentage,
Big minus small, that is 10 minus 8.
10 minus 8 divided by 8 into 100 percent.
That would be 2 by 8 into 100 percentage.
1 by 4, 4 minus 5 is 25.
So, what will be our 25 percent? 25 percent would be our
profit percentage in this scenario.
Okay? Let me give you the second question.
This was related to profit.
Now, let us suppose, you are given,
What is given to you?
Let the cost price of 30 items, 30 items is equal to
selling price of 35 items.
Then, find dash percentage.
See this.
Cost price is of less items.
Whose is it equal to?
Selling price is equal to more number of items.
So, in this, we have to face loss.
Because, if the cost price is equal to 5000, then, if the
cost price is equal to selling price of 30 items, then, we
would have to face loss. But, when are we getting 5000?
When we are selling 35 items of same category.
So, we have to sell more items.
So, whose case is this?
This would be our case of loss percentage.
Find out, what is the value of one item?
The value of A has become small.
The value of A has become 30.
The value of B has become 35.
So, A grade has become less than 35.
a less than b, so this is our case of loss percentage.
Loss percentage, big minus small, that is 35 minus 30
divided by b only, that is 35 into 100 percentage.
So this will be 5 by 35 into 100 percentage, 7, so if you
cancel out 7 from 100, so this will be 7 times 7, 30, 30
times 28 is 4, 20, 14 will be 2, so we will get a point
here because we have got 1 zero carry extra, so 0.2, then
again 40, so 30, so in
this what will happen to you, after 28, 35, 5, then 5, so
what will happen to this, it will keep on increasing, this
never ending will happen, so you can approximate it, 14.25
percentage would be your loss percent.
So we have understood both the cases, in which we will get
profit, in which we will get gain, in which we will get
profit, when our cost price of more items is equal to
selling price of less items, then we will get profit, if
instead of that our cost
price of less items is equal to selling price of more
number of items, then we will get loss percentage.
Let's do one more type of question that we have been told
that cost price of 20 items is equal to selling price of X
number of items, and if profit percentage is 25%, then find
the value of X, find X, so in this question what is there,
in this question
the value of A and B which was given till before, one of
them is given, but B is not given, and what we have to find
out is already given, so we will use the same formula and
find out
the value of A, so what is the value of A, 20, value of B
is X, profit percentage is 25%, and what was the formula of
that, now this is profit percentage, so what you will do,
A-B and B-A, in the case of profit, A was big and B was
small, so we will make
A
minus B, so you have to take care of this A minus B,
because profit is already given, divided by B into 100%, so
this will be done, you can subtract the percentage from
both sides, so value of 25 will be equal to 20 minus X
divided by X into 100, solve
this 25 and 100 cancel out, put this bracket, because 100
is multiplied by both sides, take care of this, not only B,
both are multiplied by bracket, so 25 is 1 and this will be
4,
so this is done, X will go here, X is equal to 2 into 80
minus 4X, solve this, 5X is equal to 80, so X value is 80
by 5, that is 1 and 36, so how much is X, 6, means number
of items, selling price of items is equal to 20, cost price
of 20 items, that
will be 16, see B is coming small from A, so this was the
case of profit, this is related to this case, whatever
questions were there, I made you do 3 questions, that is
related to that formula, next our case is coming, next our
case is coming, what is
coming, let us suppose that a shopkeeper took some product
with an X percentage profit, but if he, selling price will
be something, if he will add a small amount in that selling
price, if he will add a small amount in that selling price,
suppose he sold
A, it was some item, what was the selling price, it was A,
now if we increase the selling price a little bit, that is,
now he is selling A plus Y rupees first he was selling in A
rupees, now he has increased the rates, so after increasing
the rates, now
the final increment he has done in the selling price is of
Y rupees, means whatever is the selling price, he has
increased the Y rupees and sold the items, and now he is
getting Z percent profit, so now his actual total gain or
loss percentage will be,
obviously profit is going on, so now profit will come, so
now this is profit, what will be the profit percent, you
will have the formula for that, whatever is the increment
you have done, means the increment the shopkeeper has done
on the selling price,
how much increment he has done, earlier he used to sell in
A rupees, let us suppose earlier he used to sell in 100
rupees, now he is selling in 100 plus 20 that is 120
rupees, so increment is how much, earlier it was 100, now
it is 120, so he has done
increment of 20 rupees on the selling price, so increment
that is Y, what is Y, increment, so if that increment is Y,
then Y into 100
divide by Z, now the profit will be more than the previous
profit, so Z minus X, this will give you the value of new
profit or required job, actually he has profited, so this
case
I will make you write properly, so that you can make it
properly in notes, so write, if a shopkeeper has bought
something and now he is selling, when he is selling, then
what he is getting, he is getting X percentage profit, he
is getting some profit
percentage, but now he is thinking that I should not sell
it at this rate, I should increase the rate, increase the
rate and sell, so obviously if he is doing increment of Y,
increment of Y in what, in selling price, in the money in
which he is selling,
in the same money he is increasing the Y rupees, so when he
is increasing the Y rupees, and he was already getting
profit, so now he will get more profit, so now the profit
he is getting, let us suppose what is that, Z percentage,
so it is asked, tell
me its cost price, what will be the cost
price, so what will be the formula of its cost price,
whatever is your increment, whatever is your increment,
that into 100 divided by, by whom we will divide, by profit
difference, whatever is the difference in their profit,
like Z new profit will come,
it will obviously come more than the previous profit,
because our selling price has increased, so profit will
also be more, so Z minus X, so what will happen to us, we
will get the cost price of that item, I will make you write
this properly, if in new
terms, if a seller gets a profit of X percentage.
on a item.
But now he sells it for rupees Y more than the previous
selling price and gets Z percent profit.
Then the cost price, the cost price would be, cost price ka
kya ho jayega humare paas? Cost price ho jayegi increment,
increment in selling price into hundred divided by
difference in profit.
Aur agar main n Y's likhoon, number Y's, to increment kya
hai selling price ka Y? Y into hundred divided by
difference in profit kaise aayega? Z aapka zyada profit
hai, to Z minus X.
This would be a cost price of those articles.
Iske base pe question kar lete hain.
Question dekhte hain, a shopkeeper, a shopkeeper gets a
profit of 5 percent.
Usko 5 percent ka profit milta hai, koi cheez bezne mein.
Had he sold it for rupees 240 more, he would have gained 8
percent profit.
Find, ek shopkeeper hai, uska jo pehla profit tha, jo usne
samaan becha tha, tab usko profit mil raha tha us mein 5
percent ka.
But, had he sold it for rupees 240 more, but agar wo ab is
cheez ko 240 rupee more mein bechega, zyada mein bechega,
to ab uska profit hoga, wo hoga 8 percent.
To aap bataye, uski pehle ki cost price kya hogi? To cost
price ka formula, easy, same wahi laga do.
Pehle hum kya likhenge? Increment hume bola gaya hai, 240
rupees zyada bechana chahiye usko, tab ye hoga.
To zyada increment, yahi ho rahe hai, 240 rupees into 100
divided by inke profit ka difference.
Profit kya hai? 8 percent minus 5 percent, that is 8 minus
5, to yeh kya ho jayega? 240 into 100 divided by 3, yeh
chala jayega 8 za, to yeh ho gaya rupees 8000.
Humari us cheez ki cost price kitne hogayi? Rupees 8000.
8000 uski kya hogayi cost price? Agar wo selling price se
240 aur increase karke beshta, to uska profit aur zyada ho
jayega.
Yeh formula samajh aage, uske base question samajh aage.
Next jo humara case hai, wo kiska hai? Dishonest shopkeeper
ka.
Abhi tak humne kitne cases kiye aaj ki class mein? Aaj ki
class mein humne 2 cases kiye.
To jo humne cases pehle 2 kiye hai, aaj ka 2 cases jo kiye
hai, ek to CP of A number of articles is equal to SP of B
number of articles.
Ek case yeh tha.
Second case humara jo tha, abhi humne kiya hai ki agar wo X
percent profit hai aur wo kuch increment mein aap bechna
chah rahe hai, to usko Z percent profit ho rahe hai, to
humne uska CP nikala tha, cost price nikala tha.
Third jo humara aaj ki class ka last case jo hai, wo hai
aapka dishonest, third case, dishonest shopkeeper ka.
Dishonest shopkeeper ka aapne bohot baar dekha hoga jab aap
log vegetables lene, waise aap log to kam hi jaate honge,
aapke parents jaate honge yaar mothers, mostly mothers
jaate honge, to tab aapne unse suna hoga ki kabhi kabar jo
wo hote hain sabji
wale, vegetable vendors, wo kya hota hai? Wo galat weights
ka use kar lete hain.
To wo hi example hota hai humara dishonest shopkeeper ka,
ki agar wo suppose unke paas 1 kg or 2 kg wo weights hote
hain, unki bajaye agar wo thoda kam bhi weight ho jaye, but
usme likha 1 kg hai, hume thodi pata chalega, hume bilkul
bhi nahi pata chalega,
usme to 1 kg likha hua hai, aise wo tricks kar lete hain
kabhi kabar ki unka profit ho jaye usme, profit ho jaye, wo
bechte to same hi price pe, jaise unka kuch cost price ra
ho ga, usse wo thoda sa upar neeche mein bechenge, but wo
kya karenge, false
weight ka kiska use karenge, false weight ka ya false
tricks ka use karenge, kis cheez ke liye? Taaki unko kam
sabji bechne padhe, ussi cost pe jispe wo 1 kg bechte, agar
suppose 1 kg ki jo cost hoti, but unka jo weight hai, wo
thoda kam ka hai, wo ho
gaya aapka 800 gms ka ya 900 gms ka, ab aapko utha ke to
pata nahi chalega ki isme itna minor difference hai,
100-200 gm ka nahi pata chalega, to us case mein kya ho
jayega, unko same 1 kg wali sabji, wo sirf, matlab jo 800
gms hai, uska rate 1 kg wale
ke equal bechenge, to unka 200 gms to profit mein jo aara
hai, aise 200-200 gm unke har customer se bashte jaayenge,
to wo to whole 1 kg banega, wo unko ek saath bech denge, to
profit to unko usme face karne hi padhega, to profit ke
liye hi wo ye tricks
karte hain, aap isme hamara formula kya ho jayega, jo unka
total profit hoga, total profit percent jo hum nikaalenge,
wo hum kaise nikaalenge, total profit percentage, jo bhi,
jaise 1 kg ka maine aapko example diya hai, aur 1 kg ke
bajaye wo kuch aur
use kar rahe hain, kam weight ka use kar rahe hain, zyada
weight ka use kar rahe hain, jo bhi, jiska bhi case hoga,
to ek error aayega, original value aur minus value mein, to
ek error jo hoga, jo difference hoga, usko error divided by
true value minus
error, true value me se bhi aap error minus kar do, into
100 percentage, ye aapko de dega, total profit percentage,
iske related ek question likh lo, ek question likh lo, ki
ek shopkeeper hai, wo to same cost price pe kya kar rahe
hain, sell kar rahe
hain, apni vegetables, but ab usne 950 grams ka weighting
scale use kiya hai, ya weight use kiya hai, instead of 1 kg
wale ke, 1 kg ke bajaye wo 950 grams wale weight use kar
rahe hain, to isme iska profit kya hoga, to total profit
kya ho jayega, total
profit percent hum nikaale to, aap dekho, isme true weight
kya hai, true weight to 1 kg hona chahiye tha, true weight
humara kitna hona chahiye tha, 1 kg, so true weight aage
humare pass 1 kg, aur ab jo humare pass false weight hai,
false weight humare
pass 950 grams, to error kaise nikaalenge, error
hum nikaalenge, error kaise nikaalenge, agar hum true me se
false wale weight minus kar denge to hume unka difference
pata chal jayega, error matlab difference, kitna upar
neeche wo ho raha hai, error kitna ho jayega, 1 kg minus
950 grams, ab kg or grams
ko like unit mein humne change karna padega, subtract karne
ke liye, to error ho jayega, true weight minus false
weight, matlab indirectly inka difference, so true weight
humare pass 1 kg that is 1000 grams, minus false weight
kitna humare pass 950 grams,
to humare pass error kitna ho jayega, 50 grams, error kitna
ho jayega, humare pass 50 grams, to formula mein dalo,
formula aapke paas kya tha, formula aapke paas tha, error
divided by true weight minus error into 100%, to error
aapka hai 50 units nahi
dalni isme, true weight hai 50 units nahi dalni isme, true
weight hai 50 units nahi dalni isme, true weight hai 50
units nahi dalni isme, true weight hai 50 units nahi dalni
isme, true weight hai 50 units nahi dalni isme, true weight
hai 50 units nahi
dalni isme, true weight hai 50 units nahi dalni isme, true
weight hai 50 units nahi dalni isme, true weight hai 50
units 1 kg minus error, sorry, true weight minus error,
that is 1 kg minus error.
Kitna ho jayega aapka?
Wahi jo aapka false weight hai, to false weight kya ho gaya
aapka? 950 grams.
True weight 1000 minus error 50 ho gaya, 950 into 100
percentage.
To solve karo ye, 0 se 0, 1.
1 and 45, 9 za, to ye aage aapka 100 by 19 percentage.
Isko aap mixed fraction mein likh le na, mixed fraction
mein kaise likhenge?
Divide karo 100 ko 19 se, to 190 aayega 10 za, to 100 uska
half,
Ek baar 5 se karo, to 5 9 za, 45, 5 1 za 5, 95, to 95,
kitne za? 5 za, fir bacha humaye paas 5, remainder bach
gaya 5.
To mixed fraction kya hote aapke paas?
Mixed fraction hota hai, yaha par niche to ye hi aayega,
same 19, yaha par aajega, questioned that is 5, aur upar ke
aajega, remainder that is also 5.
To aapke paas 5, 5 by 19 percentage, kya ho gaya?
Total profit of the shopkeeper, ye aajega.
To ye tha aamara profit and loss se related saare sub
cases, jo bhi maine aapko aaj tak ki videos mein karwaya
hai.
Next ab hum karenge aage ki cheeze iske, that is simple
interest and compound interest waghira, tab tak aap uske
liye aapko percentage aana chahiye achche se, profit and
loss wala achche se aana chahiye, fir hum uspe aage badenge.
Thank you for watching the video.
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